Probit Model: Theory and Estimation
The Probit Model is used when we have a binary or qualitative dependent variable in the model. Similar to the Logit Model, the Probit Model overcomes the difficulties or problems…
The Probit Model is used when we have a binary or qualitative dependent variable in the model. Similar to the Logit Model, the Probit Model overcomes the difficulties or problems…
The Logit Model is used to estimate models with a qualitative binary dependent variable. It overcomes the problems associated with the Linear Probability Model (LPM). In the post on LPM,…
The Linear Probability Model is an application of Ordinary Least Squares to qualitative response or dependent variables. We often encounter dependent variables that are continuous, such as income or consumption,…
The Random Effects Model is also sometimes called the Error Components Model or the Two-error structure approach. The Fixed Effects Model has some problems such as the use of dummy…
The Fixed Effects Model for Panel data should only be applied if the cross-sectional or time-specific effects are significant. In the case where these effects are insignificant, a simple Pooled…
The Least Squares Dummy Variables or LSDV approach is one of the ways to estimate the Fixed Effects Model. Hence, the Fixed Effects Model is sometimes called the Least Squares…
Economists James Durbin and Geoffrey Watson developed the Durbin Watson test in the early 1950s. They introduced the test in their paper "Testing for Serial Correlation in Least Squares Regression:…
Autocorrelation occurs when the error terms in the model exhibit correlation or dependency on each other. That is, errors in previous periods influence the errors in the current period. Economists…
Multicollinearity refers to a situation where the independent or explanatory variables in the model have a strong relationship with each other. Perfect multicollinearity exists if the correlation coefficient for these…
The Weighted Least Squares (WLS) method is a special form of Generalized Least Squares estimation. In this method, the original model is transformed so that the variance of residuals becomes…
The Goldfeld Quandt Test is used to detect the presence of heteroscedasticity in a regression model. This test was introduced by economists Arthur Goldfeld and Richard Quandt in the 1960s.…
The Breusch Pagan test for heteroscedasticity is sometimes also referred to as the BPG or Breusch Pagan Godfrey test. It is one of the most widely known tests for detecting…
The White test is one of the most commonly used statistical methods of detecting heteroscedasticity. It focuses on analysing the residuals from regression models to check for heteroscedasticity. Furthermore, the…
Heteroscedasticity is a situation where the variance of residuals is non-constant. Hence, it violates one of the assumptions of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) which states that the residuals are homoscedastic…
Cointegration refers to the situation where the variables have a long-run or equilibrium relationship. Such variables move together over time and can be said to have a similar wavelength or…